Archives for category: 21stCenturyDesigner

From these interviews 21st-century-designer-assignment-4-the-interviews, I have noticed a few interesting points I’d like to explore, that are actually somewhat different to the ideas I thought I’d find before beginning this project.

Firstly almost everyone gave the same reasons for why  they thought people treasure things, the idea that they have “emotional value” girl1. The following explanation sums up everyone’s answers, and my own thoughts best “Cause they carry memories and evoke different memories of sensory experiences. Different smells, thoughts, feelings or people.”Dougie. I’ve found the connection between various experiences and the objects very interesting. Before starting this assignment the only thing I really conncected with objects were feelings, thinking you might treasure an object beacuase it made you happy or it made you nostalgic. As i have worked through this project I have realised how accurate Dougie’s idea really is. People can treasure objects because of any connection you can possibly think of!

Another thought that has intrigued me is that objects tend to be treasured for two main reasons. Either something with sentimental value, which you were given or something you’ve had for a while and use all the time. These things tend to be more pratical, where as things with sentimental value tend to be more like keepsakes, with little pratical use. This contrast in my study was split between males and femails. The females I interviewed focused on something they were given, it was old and meant a great deal because of a sentimental connection, the teddy bear jennifer had from birth, the half penny from Girl1′s gran and the ring from Rachael’s great gran. This contrasts greatly with the boys answers of Frasers guitar and Dougie’s laptop. Luther’s first guitar crosses both idea’s a little, but I still feel it is treasured largely because of it’s practical uses, and the use it has served him over the years. Without interviewing many more people it’s hard to tell if this was just a coincidence or if it really is a trend which follows this question. Looking at other research there appears to be the idea of a clear contrast but would take much more reading to know for sure. This is an interesting idea I would like to read up more about.

From the type of reactions people have from asking them what they would do without it, you can judge thier passion, “if it was taken away from me forever I’d probably be a bit upset – and would’t be able to sleep properly for a while! i’d need to hug a pillow or something…I sound like a nutter totally in love with my teddy…”jennifer  “i would cry!”luther. This shows real emotional attachment to an object, which is something I really feel is treasuring. It contrasts to answers like “Kinda bored, It controls every source of media I have. But I would probably do more, like go out more as I would be very bored in my house without it. but I would definetly get very bored.”Dougie, which shows a real attachment and need for this object, but not necessarily because they totally love it, which I would think of as treasuring. This reinforces the idea that the reasons males treasure objects can be for very practical reasons.

An interview I found very interesting was the one with Luther. His answer to why he treasures it “because it’s been there from the start, and basiccally was my parents seal of approval to try and go for music. i wrote my first ever song on it” and if he keeps it with him “keep it with me, it’s in the music studio i work in so i can teach with it” were very inciteful! His emotional attachment for his first every guitar comes from the fact it was the beguining of his musical life and now he wants to share this connection to people begining their musical journey! Even if it’s unsaid, the fact he teaches with this guitar over any other guitars he has shows a real connection with it. It is an object he truly treasures for great reasons.

I feel I have learned a great deal from this assignment, It is the second interview assignment I have done this semester, but I definetly feel this one has been the most interesting. If I could could do this project over I would have given my self much more time to complete it. I definetly underestimated the depth of which I would want to delve into people’s objects. Thinking about it, I would have asked the person to draw thier object, I feel my study is lacking visual references, for both my self to look back on, but also to encourage my interviewees to think further into thier object. I feel I should have re-read “The Back Of The Napkin” by Dan Roam. It would have maybe shown some simple exercises to get more information from the subject by drawing.

By chosing this topic I have really enjoyed reflecting on the interviews and learning what people concider to be thier most treasured objects. It has been  fasinating and I feel it will aid me as a designer, as well as personally because I have thought about the reasons people like, love and treasure things. I had never really concidered this before, but it is a key factor in design. When you’re creating something, no matter what it is you should have already thought about how someone is going to like, love or treasure it and how you can use these reasons to improve your product, service, jewellery or anything!

So from my preparations, I created this list of questions to follow for a semi-structured interview. I will follow a plan but could deviate if it feels appropriate. The questions are open enough that it will let the interviewees expand on their own answers.
  1. Thinking about belongings, why do you think people treasure “stuff”?
  2. What object do you treasure most?
  3. Could you describe that object for me?
  4. Why is important to you?
  5. Do you keep it with you or leave it in a safe place?
  6. How would you feel without it?
I added a question to prompt the user to describe their object, telling me how passionate they are by the way they describe their object and I added the last to questions to gage how emotionally attached the person really is to their object. I thought that asking these questions will make the person think about whether they like a belonging or really treasure it. I am going to try to complete these interviews in as comfortable a surrounding as possible and explore the different ways of communicating with my interviewees.
Jennifer, aged 21, 4th year DIxD student. I interviewed Jennifer in a studio situation, the 4th year class were in our studios, so I took the opportunity to ask if anyone was free for an interview.
  1. I think people treasure things that they attach meaning to. Whether its something that have good memories with or something that they have worked hard to get.
  2. I treasure my teddy!
  3. It’s white (ish) with a singed head from when he got in a fight with a lighter and it has a pink bow tie
  4. I treasure it because I got it when I was born and it always used to make me feel better when I was sick – even when I threw up on it a couple of times… My cousin got the same one with a blue bow tie when he was born and we used to play with them together and pretend they were siblings.
  5. It comes on holidays with me. It’s like taking a bit of home with me wherever I go!
  6. I think i’d live without it for a while as long as I knew it was there somewhere…. but if it was taken away from me forever I’d probably be a bit upset – and wouldn’t be able to sleep properly for a while! I’d need to hug a pillow or something…I sound like a nutter totally in love with my teddy…

Luther, aged 20, musician. In a good friend’s band.

  1. I think they treasure it because it’s something they worked hard for, or has a big emotional attachment, and reminds them of things and people.
  2. probably my squier stratocaster.
  3. it’s the first ever guitar I got on my 13th birthday and it’s pretty much changed my entire life and pushed me toward music which is my career now. plus it’s blue and shiny
  4. because it’s been there from the start, and basiccally was my parents seal of approval to try to go for music. I wrote my first ever song on it
  5. keep it with me, it’s in the music studio I work in so I can teach with it
  6. I would cry!

Girl1, aged 19, second year philosophy student. Friends, flat mates friend. Met when round at my friend’s house visiting, after chatting about my project she offered to be interviewed but did not want to be named.

  1. because some thing’s have emotional value or meaning which is not always obvious to others.
  2. a 1/2 penny on a necklace.
  3. dark, old metal with a hole in it. brown string.
  4. my gran used to wear, and inherited it when she died. I used to play with it when I was a child. Think’s it pretty cool that it’s something I can wear and it’s interesting that few people actually have half penny’s.
  5. leave it attached to my wall so I don’t lose it and can see it all the time.
  6. I feel pretty panicked if I don’t know where it is, but because I keep it in one place mostly, it doesn’t bother me as much.

Fraser, aged 19, computing student.

  1. Hunter Gatherer Instinct.
  2. My guitar.
  3. It’s white, about the size of a guitar, 6 string, cut-away under the neck. It has birds instead of fret markers.
  4. Ehhm, uhm, it makes sounds that I’m thinking, ehm, I would die if I couldn’t play it. It is an outlet, if I don’t play it for a long time, I feel like I have to play it.
  5. Leave it in a safe place
  6. Don’t know, I’ve never been without it. I can’t imagine it.
Douglas, or Dougie. Bio Medical science. Responded after asking my Facebook friends, however I don’t recall how I know him.
  1. ‘Cause they carry memories and evoke different memories of sensory experiences. Different smells, thoughts, feelings or people.
  2. My soul, no, ehm, probably my laptop.
  3. It is old and broken, but still really powerful. Cuts out all the time, but I still love it.
  4. It does everything I could want it to do, watch movies, play games, listen to music.
  5. Take it with me.
  6. Kinda bored, It controls every source of media I have. But I would probably do more, like go out more as I would be very bored in my house without it. but I would definitely get very bored.

I will follow this up with a reflective post exploring my findings.

When starting this assignment, I began by looking at the list of topics and considered firstly my interest in each. For example  I felt the topic of “How have students’ dress sense changed since they left home?” would have been fun to do, and I could think of many related questions. However when it came reflecting on the interviews I think I would have struggled to relate this to any real interest of mine. I also considered the questions about shopping, and sales, these could have been interesting but I think they would have taken just too far out of my comfort zone. So in the end I decided to Focus on “What object do people treasure the most? Why?”. I chose this because I find belongings, the idea of keepsakes, and attaching feeling to possessions very interesting, as someone who has many treasured items, all for different reasons. I think I will really enjoy analysing other’s answers and exploring the reasons people get emotionally attached to belongings.

After this point, I mind mapped this idea to explore what areas I could cover. Thinking about what type of objects people could choose, and more importantly why they singled that thing out, I felt I wanted to structure my questions around the reasons behind each object, asking questions which would let the person explain their reasoning in detail. I tried to consider how I would answer each question as I wrote them, and make sure none could have a yes/no type answer. It was difficult to write a lot of questions about this topic, so my first set had only three questions which I tested on a friend. I wanted to get the person thinking about why, before actually asking them about their object.

Tester questions:

  1. Thinking about belongings, why do you think people treasure “stuff”?
  2. What object do you treasure most?
  3. Why is important to you?

When interviewing Rachael, my test interviewee, we sat comfortably in university and the interview lasted about 5 minutes. I strayed away from filming/recording the interview as she was not comfortable with it, as many people aren’t. Instead I wrote lots of notes to record the interview.

me: “Thinking about belongings, why do you think people treasure “stuff”?”

Rachael: “Because they usually have a strong connection, sentimental value or they just couldn’t live without them.”

me: “So, What object do you treasure most?”

Rachael:”A ring from my great gran”

me: “Why is it important to you?”

Rachael: “It is one of the few things I have of my great gran. Died when I was young. It’s nice to feel some connection to her”

So when looking back at this, I felt it was just lacking something, It was too short and did not make the interviewee dive into much detail about the object. However the direct questions did force direct answers, there was little hesitation, or an unsure reason. It is always going to be an object that the person feels very passionate about, so asking why, directly will always give a good story I think. I expected Rachael to describe the object more when I asked what it was, this is somewhere where I feel I need to add another question or two.

From this i have decided to add, “Could you describe this object for me?” and a question at the end depending on their answer to why, to try to get them to go a little deeper.

Let’s go interview!

When completing my observations at the casino, I tried to follow the same points as I did when in the cafe as to not get lost, or write very generic statements. As I observed I was telling my self consider:
  • The rules people followed.
  • The interaction of people.
  • The design of any interactions in the interior.
  • What the situation suggested about people out with the activity they are currently undertaking.

I think It is easy to get lost in thought in these sort of situations, and loosing the idea of the brief, and the task you are actually there to do. I know this definetly happened to us when we went to the zoo.

So we went to the casino around lunch time on a week day, having never been before. It was quite an intimidating feeling, we felt we didn’t know the type of rules to follow, or the type of behaviour to show. This is in direct contrast to the attitudes of a cafe, where you can use your instincts. The first thing we noticed was the fact you need to register to enter, another intimidating moment of the trip. This gives it a sense of community, if you’ve registered you’re now part of something.

We tried to look at the staff, the customers, staff and interior again. When observing the staff, the first encounter we had with them was when registering. This allowed us to observe first hand how they interacted with customers. The had a very professional attitude, but still friendly, and slightly over helpful. They seemed to have a good system throughout all the staff in the building, When we registered they asked us if we wanted them “to get someone to meet us at the top of the stairs” to give us a quick tour. This is a very good level of service. I suspect it will be because many of their customers spend so much money there. This level of service continues as you move through the place. We sat and had some lunch so we could observe without gambling and the waiting/bar staff, we’re friendly, fast and very much there to help you. They give you free soft drinks, tea and coffee (I think that’s all), again I guess it’s because their cliental spend so much money gambling.

In observing the customers there was a few main things we noticed, everyone was on their own, and even people sitting next to each other weren’t socialising. Their body language and behaviour showed that they were just there to play their game. Other than the background music the place seemed pretty much silent. It created a very anti social atmosphere. It was filled with older people, 50/60plus and a mix of male and female. We felt the age range was important as it was older people, they were maybe retired an turned to gambling for some excitement in their old age. We thought they were probably people who gamble a lot. After watching a few staff, customer interactions the customers seemed like regulars. Staff recognise them, and chatted as though they seen them every day.

When thinking about the interior of the building, how it has been designed and how people interact with it, I was surprised. I bad fairly low expectations before I went, thought it would just be a room with tables and slot machines. However it had a very shinny, well designed interior. It felt very proper, and somewhat classy. One interaction which i found interesting was the fact you have to walk by all the machines and tabled to get to the bar and food area.

I found this whole experience of observing people in this situation unnerving, I was uncomfortable in the place, I didn’t enjoy not knowing the “rules” of the casino. However I do feel I have learned a lot through this assignment, and I feel it is actually a really good thing to just go and observe new places and people, and I intend to continue taking my self out of my comfort zone. I feel this would really aid me as a designer, and as a person in general.

For this assignment we were asked to go to places we visit regularly and observe people, doing it at different times on different days. Other than uni and my house, where I do spend a lot of my time, one place I go every so often is the Tartan Cafe on Perth Road. So over the last few weeks I have tried to go a little more often.

When observing here, I tried to take into consideration both the costumers, the staff and the design of the room it’s self. Each of these area’s highlighted some interesting thoughts. I also tried to give my self a few things to focus on from the brief, because the first time I tried this I felt I didnt really get a good grasp of the situations, looking back over my notes a little while later, everything I wrote was that generic, I could have wrote it never having walked into the cafe. So I tried to think about

  • The rules people followed.
  • The interaction of people.
  • The design of any interactions in the interior.
  • What the situation suggested about people out with the activity they are currently undertaking.

The Staff

When thinking about a cafe situation, the staff can be as interesting to watch as the customers. When thinking about how they interacted with customers I noticed that they were very efficient whilst remaining friendly. When interacting they made you feel comfortable, however they didn’t stop to chat. They created a good balance between friendly and professional.

The way they interacted with each other was much more relaxed, they stood chatting as they got on with small jobs around the counter, always keeping themselves busy. Seemed fairly happy, liked, or at least didn’t mind the company of people they worked with. Contrast to their professional attitude when interacting with customers. Most of the waitresses came across as students, each seemed between 18 and early 20′s, dressed fairly studenty. This maybe isn’t a great descriptor, but students often have a certain look.

Costumer

All of the rules Costumers seem to follow are unwritten, slightly instinktive rule. They come in fairly quietly, look out a suitible table, act quite reserved, keep thier chat at a volume only thier table can hear, wait for the waitress to come over. There are rules you learn and follow from a very young age, from your parents taking you out for food. It’s not something most people have to think of.

When taking a closer look into their interactions, with both their group, and with the other costumers, one thing I noticed was when in a cafe, they tend not to interact out with the group of people they came with, very seldom talk to stranger. For such a social environment, it feels quite segmented. There was a clear contrast in behaviours between people sitting in groups and people sitting on their own. Groups seems to not be paying much attention to their surroundings, very focussed on the conversation the were having amongst them selves. Where as people who are on their own appeared much more aware of their environments. They often have paper work, a laptop, or tablet infront of them. A few were also on their phone. This suggests they’re doing work, weather it be uni or a job, as the cafe is round the corner from the university. This suggests people find it a relaxing, non intrusive atmosphere that they feel confortable to work in.

There is a clear contrast in the type of people that eat in this cafe at certain times of the day. During the week at lunch time manu people were dressed as though they were on a break, many dressed smart casual, could be lecturers at the university or work locally. Some groups had university staff cards. There were also a few groups of what seemed like students. All of these groups moved in and out of the cafe quickly, as though they had a time constraint, quickly grabbing some lunch. Where as if you go on a Saturday or Sunday afternoon, it feels much more leisurely, many people will be sitting with just coffee’s, taking their time. There’s is often a family or two. In general it is a much more mixed group of people.It’s harder to try and draw out a persona for people at the weekend, everyone’s much more casual, and everyone appear to have a similar attitude. It is used much more for socialising than for grabbing lunch.

Place

The design of the room is very neutral but comfortable. It’s has subtle background music, letting the customer relax. The shop is very bright with a large Outward facing window, and is always well lit on a grey day, this makes the space feel inviting.

The tables are not too close together, feels spacious and if you’re sitting in a group if feels like you’re sitting in your own space, It’s not easy of over hear conversations and you’re not constantly getting your chair bashed. This adds to the relaxed feeling of the place and helps the costumers feel comfortable.

There is a large open plan area for for coffee tea, and cakes. This acts as both advertising and allows the user to see a lot of the things they may be be buying before ordering. This can often reassure a costumer that the place sells high quality things, and will encourage them to buy more. The positioning of the till in this counter area allows the user to realise they go up to pay.

Because the place is named a cafe, there are rules we all know, that have been taught to us from a young age, on how you behave in a place, what you do and how to put your self across. These are not things that are wrote when you walk into cafe’s, there’s no sign that tells you that you talk quietly or that you sit round a tab;e with company. These are rule’s we know. I assume there would be much more of a contrast with this and the way you would know the rules at somewhere like the casino, the next place I am going to study. I Feel right now I don’t know the “rules”, I’m nervous about going somewhere new and not knowing the etiquette. I am finding this contrast really fascinating.

Earlier in this semester we had to do some observation for a different module. We were to observe people on campus doing day to day activities. This allowed me to start this assignment with a few tools to get started. As I already had some practice I know some techniques that work best for me, I learned that I’m not so great at sketching. I am too slow and often miss key things that could happen. Drawing isn’t something we do a great deal of on my module, so I do not have a very developed way of capturing moments. This is something I am trying to work on and develop in my day to day work.

I feel i’m generally much better with a notebook. I can quickly write down situations, without needing to think too hard about what I am writing. I have used this technique a few times and found it very helpful. I then go back to it after, and highlight words or phrases I find important.

I also find it helpful to use photographs for observing, however this is not always allowed, depending on the place you are observing in. This is a good technique for reflection afterwards, however it can be slightly unpleasant to take photos of strangers doing things. I am constantly concerned someone realises and reacts badly.

I am looking forward to putting these techniques into practice again.

http://interaction.dundee.ac.uk/~akeating/wordpress/apps-for-artists-week-3-observations/

http://interaction.dundee.ac.uk/~akeating/wordpress/apps-for-artists-week-3-field-work-skills/

After reading some case studies on http://www.servicedesigntools.org/ there’s a few techniques that I feel I could have applied to my projects.

Firstly I feel I could have used story boarding in two studio projects.

The storyboard is a tool derived from the cinematographic tradition; it is the representation of use cases through a series of drawings or pictures, put together in a narrative sequence.

We completed a project called “good dirt” which envolved designing a game to encourage school children to eat healthily. When communicating our first game ideas to the children I think it would have been good to use a story board to covey the game sequence. This would give them clear, simple instructions on how to play this game. This would have been an effective way of visualising a game, instead of just a picture, that we used. The second way I feel I could have used story boarding was in my app design project, when planning the structure and content of my app, I could have simplified it by breaking it down into a story board, thinking about the content of each page and the interaction. This would have allowed me to understand the structure of the app, before having to make it.

Another tool I feel I could have used is character profiling. It is

a tool for the creation of a shared knowledge about the service users inside the team

The character profiles offer a clear and visible picture of the different kinds of users that are the centre of the design activities.

We are currently completing a project based on creating an app for a specific art student. Using this tool right at the start of this project, straight after interviewing our artist, would have allowed me to quickly see the user I was designing for. We did do this type of process, but not as quickly and not as concisely as this tool would have let us do.

There are many service design tools that can be applied and adapted to many branches of design, however I do feel these processes lend them selves well to interaction design.

…and maybe a few animals too.

As part of my 21st Century Designer module we were asked to go to Edinburgh zoo, to observe people looking at the animals. We were to watch and record how people acted at the zoo,

  • what they did
  • what they looked at
  • how they moved
  • watched, didn’t watch?
  • what type of people were there, on a grey thursday morning?
  • who were they, familys, tourists, students, school kids?

Who?

One of the first things I noticed as we walked around the zoo were the amount of families with young children that were there. It seemed like a fun family day out for many groups, enjoying important time together. Many of the children will have been so young as it was a week day. These families moved through the zoo very close, laughing and learning as they went. Children wanted to get as close to the animals as possible. They also pointed, at everything! As the parents explained what everything was. The zoo seemed to be a great learning opportunity..

Another group of people I noticed were elderly couples enjoying a day out.

 

What?

One thing I noticed was the fact people weren’t always observing animals, but were often observing the interactive exhibitions provided. People seemed to enjoy using and discovering extra information about the animals, reinforcing the fact the zoo was a place people go to leisurely learn new things, not just look at animals.

 

Where?

People liked to get as close as possible to animals.

Many animals had viewing decks/platforms/selected areas to keep the viewers a distance from the animals, people didn’t always seem to enjoy this as much, moving by these areas much faster than areas where they got to be much closer to the animals.

Although I feel I have observed some people, I definitely watched more animals that people. I found it really quite hard to contemplate what people were actually doing, other than the obvious. It is not a skill I feel I can really use yet, however I am looking forward to developing it as I work through Assignment three. I think it will be easier to observe when people are doing something unfamiliar to me. It was great to get this practice run.

During our sketching workshop with Kristine Kingsley, she asked us to take visual notes while she was talking. This is something I started with it but struggled to continue.

Kristine was taking about the work she did with drawing and sketching. Explaining various ways in which you can use sketching. The one I found most interesting is the way in which she was asked to draw people as they carried out a meeting. Quickly drawing as you observe is an interesting idea i’d like to try out during our zoo visit. Kate also spoke to us about ways she uses drawing, one of which that I do too, is using tracing, this is a great way to draw, especially as we often draw ‘interactions’ which involves unpleasant things like hands, and we will often be drawing the same things multiple times. This is something I am exploring in my apps for artists module as we are just beginning our paper prototyping section of the module.

After this we were asked to draw a “creature” in 5 parts with our group, each person drawing a different section without seeing what the others had drawn.

We were then to take this creature and create a story from him, making the connection between drawing and story telling. Use the 6 ‘W’s from “The Back of The Napkin” by Dan Roam that I spoke about in a previous post, http://interaction.dundee.ac.uk/~akeating/wordpress/why-sketching-is-key-to-solving-problems/ We were asked to create a persona for our creature, thinking about:

  • Where it came from.
  • What is would eat.
  • The type of things it would like.

Our creature was named Dave, and he lived in a cave. Dave enjoyed caviar and can see in his dark, dark cave with his flaming tale. During this process we were being asked to think with our “minds eye”, another technique explored in “The Back of The Napkin”. I found this quite challening as I would not class my self as an imaginative type of person. From this we were asked to think about how we would want to observe this animal in a zoo situation.

*image*

From this exercise we were asked to go away and think about zoo trip. I found this work shop very interesting!

Before our work shop this week we were asked to look at “The Back Of The Napkin” by Dan Roam. The focus this week was to look at sketching, and how to use visual story telling as a way to solve problems and comunicate ideas. The first activity began with drawing a peice of fruit, taken from the exercise “The Many Ways To Slice An Apple”

A practical Lesson In Applied Imagination. Imagining is how we let our mind’s eye take over so that we can see things that are physically visible in front of us. That means taking the concrete coordinates, patters, and components that we see in the world and translating them into abstract pictures that we can manipulate inside out heads

We were given a napkin, and using a marker we were asked to follow a few main steps:

  • Draw a piece of fruit.
  • Draw where it is from.
  • Expend it’s surroundings.
  • Draw the senses and experiences of that piece of fruit.
  • What would it look like eaten?
  • What could it be made into? – consider it in different forms.
  • If you were explaining it to an alien, give it a context. Other fruits?
  • How does it begin it’s life?
  • What’s left once you’ve ate it?

Here’s my interpretation of a banana!

I feel this is a fantastic exercise to do, allowing you to realise every semmingly simple idea, like a piece of fruit, actually has many aspects to it, and some descriptions or aspects are better suited to different people. This is a great theory to take froward into thinking about design sketching, sometimes those things that seem ‘too simple’ to sketch out, are worth it to convey your ideas to other people. Everyone should try it!

One thing I find fascinating about this book, is that it is the first sketching book I’ve read that is not focussed on designers, it simplifies the idea of sketching with a few main idea’s to follow!

Firstly the process of turning ideas and problems into a workable visual is by following four main steps in an iterative order. according to Dan Roam, anything can be broken up by following the process of look, see, imagine and show.

Another Key factor in being able to follow this process is the idea of six ways to see. The book explains how seeing is different from looking, and having the skill to see is vital for the whole visual process.

looking is about collecting the raw visual information that is infront of us, seeing is about selecting what’s important.

When trying to ‘see’ there are six ‘W’s to fellow, who/what, how many, where, when, how and why. I find this idea a nice way to make sure you have extracted all of the relevant information out of your raw materials.

I would advise everyone, designer or not, to read this book and give sketching a go! Wether you feel you can draw or not, it doesn’t matter. Get a taster of the book at  http://www.danroam.com/the-back-of-the-napkin/

 

For this experiment, in a group we gathered a selection of adverts and took all text and placements out of them. We then took these images out and asked strangers a few questions about each and then recorded these answers. When starting this experiment we took a lot of things from the workshop the previous week, we wrote predefined questions to ask each time to make our research more thorough. We divided the field work up between three smaller groups within our group so we were less intruding/intimidating  to the strangers. And we wrote thank you notes for everyone we asked, so they could look up our results.

Person 1: Male, 23, studies energy finance, Italian

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Old woman, from rural area, long hard life, very happy, has led a simple life, wiling to help others

What do you think it could advertise?

he thought long an hard about why it could advertise, travel agents

Reactions

surprised, thought that the teeth weren’t the focus of the image so it didn’t make sense, also said using toothpaste would do her no good as its too late for her.

 

Person 2: Male, 21, studies Law, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

China, hats, dental problems, wrinkly, malnutrition

What do you think it could advertise?

hat advertisement

Reactions?

very surprised, didn’t believe it, thought it was dumb

 

Person 3: Male, 21, Bio Medical science, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

reminds him of a Grandmother, she is happy, old lady, she has worked hard for a long time, paddy field worker

What do you think it could advertise?

Aid, food commercial, tea

Reactions?

wouldn’t think that, laughed, shocked, thought it was rubbish

 

 Person 3: male, 20 something, electrical engineering, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Hiroshima, dentist, dermatologist, teeth poverty, looks happy, japanese, disease, hat (sombrero), death

What do you think it could advertise?

Hospice, dentist aid/ charity, chewing gum/ dental health

Reactions

“I knew it”, pretty chuffed with himselfIt is in fact a Colgate advertisement

 

Person 1: Male, 50(ish), Works at union front desk, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Painting in Gallery, exploitation, raphalite

What do you think it could advertise?

not a clue what it could advertise

Reactions

Surprised, they shouldn’t have used a child, can’t they just exploit a chimp? didn’t like the fact they used a child., couldn’t have they used a consenting adult instead to get across the same message

 

Person 2: Male, 20(ish), student, Chinese

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

strange image, from bible, not average, the guy looked very thoughtful, he thought the composition was weird with all the black at the top

What do you think it could advertise?

no idea

Reactions

he wasn’t too surprised, he had no real feelings towards the image

 WWF consumption advert

Person 1: Mid 30s, Male, sky worker, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

racist, makes me angry, typical black racism, typical racist mindset

What do you think it could advertise?

nothing

Reactions 

disgusted at how racist it is

 

Person 2: early 30s, female, mum, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

feels peculiar, reminds her of black slave thing

What do you think it could advertise?

meat product

Reactions

reactions: didn’t really react

 

Person 3: mid 40s, female, domestic, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

feels happy, reminds her of a comic book when she was younger, reminds her of a film called “Mississippi..(something)”

What do you think it could advertise?

Tobacco -CORRECT

Reactions

surprised she got it right. happy.

Tabaco advert

Person 1: mid 50s, male, army recruitment agency, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

happy, reminds me of my ex girlfriend, reminds me of a meal

What do you think it could advertise?

advertises breast implants or skateboards

Reactions

reactions: surprised and amused

 

Person 2: late 40s, male, security guard, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

confused, reminds him of steaks

What do you think it could advertise?

advertises yoghurt

Reactions

reactions: thought it was clever

 

Person 3: mid 20s, male, Scottish

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

feels normal, reminds him of milk

What do you think it could advertise?

no idea

Reactions

reactions: nothing

McDonald’s advert

Person 1: 18-21 Female Computer science Student

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Happy, Childhood, 60′s/70’s, Old Movies

What do you think it could advertise?

Coke advert – older style of coke adverts

Reactions

Playing on stereotypes, Riding sideways on the horse, old-fashioned

 

Person 2: 18/19, Female, University Applicant, In school?

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Happy, sunny outside, Going on holiday, Childhood memories on a carousel

What do you think it could advertise?

Coca Cola

Reactions

Thought it looked like a classic Coca Cola advert

 

Person 2: 50’s, Female, Student

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

oppressed, stereotyping females?,Old movie, Carnival, The 60/70’s

What do you think it could advertise?

Drink advert

Reactions

Would have worked back in the day but not now

Old Coca-Cola advert

Person 1: 18/19, University Applicant, In school?

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Controversial, confused, Not happy, Ethics of hunting, animals are children too

What do you think it could advertise?

Charity

Reactions

Realized the link

 

Person 2: age 18 – 21, male, Student

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Scared, apprehensive, worried, child abuse, murder, Blood. Not from past experiences

What do you think it could advertise?

Barnardo’s

Reactions

thought about it, it makes sense

 

Person 3: 19, Female, Law student

What does it make you think of, remind you of, how does it make you feel?

Sad, weird, Hunting, violence, Guns, films, books,

What do you think it could advertise?

Stop hunting

Reactions

makes sense

 

There was a few main things I notices from this experiment. Firstly I noticed was the reaction to the Coca-Cola advert, there was a contrast in reactions, even from the same people. People felt it was supposed to be happy and cheery but also was quite a stereotype, and could be oppressive to woman. But most deducted that this was because it was an older add, and this was more socially acceptable then. This is a good example of “cultural knowledge”.

Another Thing I found Interesting is the use of imagery in the WWF adds. It is a great use of Polysemy. They captured multiple levels in one image, they make you feel lots of different emotions while conveying one message which is easily recognisable. I feel this is really successful, and encapsulates this expriment well.

Overall I feel completing this experiment helped me understand the idea and benefit of Polysemy and made me consider the the implications of it in day to day activities.

In this assignment we have been asked to look at the use of Polysemy in images, which is the multiple meanings one image could have. I helped my self to understand this by thing of it as somewhat of a higherarchy, when one meaning is chosen some meanings can be lost and others opened up.

One way to fix a meaning you want the viewer to read is by adding text to the image. When looking at this in relation to our project, combined with our workshop last week, **add link** I thought about how this can be an increadibly powerful tool in advertising. If you wanted a viewer to feel a certain way about a product or service, choosing the correct type of image or text to represent it is key. If you’re seeling a ‘feel good’ product yuo want to make sure that you read every possible meaning out of it, and they all convey the same feeling. If that wasn’t the case you probably would want to change the image. This lets you ensure any user would relate the product to the feeling you chose for them.

We were asked to read a passage from “Semiotics : An Introductory Anthology” by Robert E. Innis in which they discuss three diffferent types to knowlage a person could have. It was a very difficult to read but made sense once I have read the small break down of it in the brief. There is a comon sense layer, which everyone has to some extent – it does not need to be learned. Then there is a cultural knowlage, which peices the context of something together and allows a person to decode and a Linguistic knowlage which allows you to understand the language. I have found this idea of 3 levels of knowlage very interesting and feel they will help when reflecting on the final experiment. I think these might be why weren’t to use art students. When analysing a peice of graphic design, they will have a different view on it than a non-art student as we comunicate with visual languages in our day to day work.

These ideas are heavily related to every type of work we do as designers, not just when it comes to branding. A graphic designer must take these ideas into concideration when choosing words or colours to use. Or for me as an Interaction designer, it’s increadibly important that I focus on how a user would read a peice of my design, wether it be physical of screen based. I need to not only think about how they would read the visual apearance of a design, but also how a user would read the context of a design, to ensure every user had the same experience I entended them to have.

What images mean?

To start this assignment we had a workshop based around what images can mean. In our groups we were given ten different images, and asked to aanalyse them based around:

  • colour
  • props
  • expressions
  • clothes
  • setting
  • look

As we worked through these images, it became clear, for most of them that they could be adverts. From this we were asked to take one image and go and ask other people around campus what they thought these images could be for.

This was the image we decided to use

Our first reaction to this image was that it included Mr Brean, it was fairly recent (last 20 years), Two colours(contrast). It could be an illustration or a T-shirt print. Happy expression, enthusiastic, Quick and messy. It could be fan art, or made from food?

Strangers impressions:

  1. Male, 18-21, Student. It was Mr Bean but had no idea what it could be for
  2. Female,  thought it was for a movie
  3. Male, middle aged, receptionist, thought it was for something funny
  4. Male, 20′s, Student, thought it was just advertising Mr Bean

From this reaction we considered the implications of having a famous face in images, it stopped the viewer from being able to move by the implications of that individual to further read the image. I found this fascinating when choosing adverts for the later part of this assignment. If something in an image is recognisable, then does it limit the amount of meanings someone may take from the image?

//contrast between art and non art people

We had a lecture the other day given by Jonathan Baldwin which covered the idea of ‘taste’ and what taste meant to different people. There was an exercise at the end of the lecture which I found particularly interesting, two volunteers were asked to play a game of Mr and Mrs, where they both got asked the same serious of questions, without knowing the other one’s answers. It was simple questions like, what is your living room like? and What did you buy on your last shopping trip? The contrast in answers between the male and female was really intriguing, the guy answered the living room question by saying “Cluttered” and the girl answered by listing the contents of her living room “two couches, peach wall paper, tele, fireplace, etc”. This continued as they worked through the list of questions, particularly when it came to questions surrounding taste. The female is a lot more descriptive than the male, with every answer.

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When it comes to being a test subject my self, I have found it quite interesting. Before starting I thought it would be far more nerve racking than it was. I submitted photographs of my bedroom, in it’s everyday condition. I was tempted to tidy it before I took photographs as I didn’t want people judging my mess, however I felt that wasn’t really giving people a fair judgement of my self.

From these images the other people thought i was “cuddly”, “messy but normal” and “social”. They said they felt i was cuddly as i has teddys and lots of little bits and pieces decorating my bedroom. I was “messy but normal” as there wasn’t loads of mess, but my bed’s not made, and i have dishes on my desk. And I was “social” from the photographs on my walls and the bottle of vodka.

Although all of these things individually could have pointed to different opinions, I think the assumptions and connections they made were fair and really quite accurate. I feel all the judgements were surface things, and could probably be picked up fairly easily. Part of me is happy as I haven’t had to discover any of my “hidden” or “unknown” parts of my person, (from the Johari Window, I talked about in a previous post). I don’t know how comfortable I would have been discovering these things from total strangers.

I think all together I have learned a lot about both observation techniques, how to comunicate opinions to strangers and how to think about my self as a research subject.

The next part of our assignment envolved meeting with the group we had been paired with (team 5) and disscussing the judgements we made about each other.

Everyone began very nervous and quite giggly, my self included. It was interesting watching everyone’s reactions, as we went through each set of photographs person by person. Some people were a lot more confident about giving out the comments, in each team there was only a couple of people that gave their groups opinions of a person. This may have been pre arranged in the other group but I think it was probably more that some people felt very uncomfortable revealing judgements they’ve made when put face to face with the stranger. There were a lot of awkward fidgeting and long periods of silence.

When it came to the individuals reactions to the judgements there was the same sort of contrast, some people were willing to chat about the opinions, either agreeing or correcting and sharing their thoughts whereas some remained very quiet when the judgement had been given. Most people’s interpretations were pretty accurate between our two teams, and a few even made people think twice about what impression they were giving off, as well as realising some things they hadn’t thought about before. For example our opinion of brian was one of organisation, minimalistic and appearance orientated. Although these are things that he didn’t think were necessary ’him’ however this was the vibe he was giving off, especially with his clothes, as I mentioned in my previous post. Thinking about this in relation to the Johari Window helped me understand these early reactions, particularly the version orientated around early group interactions.

The Johari Window is a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations.

This version varies from the basic model to show the awareness in early group interactions, which after reading about it, I felt was more relevant to our first meeting.

As a group relationship develops, the more that becomes known to others.

Each section stands for different sections of their person, openness is the information known about the person, known by both others and themselves. Blind is the things known by others, but unknown by the person. Hidden is known by the person but kept from others, and unknown is the part not Known by either. Thinking about this, I Thought about the excersise as a whole, thinking about both the process of analysing people, and watching their reactions. You can quickly go from knowing little to nothing about someone, to learning things they didn’t even know about themselves. This would never have been as clear if we hadn’t spoke to the oposite team straight away and get to gauge their reactions.

From the feedback section, I thought about the ethical considerations in design research after the assignment highlighting this. Particularly people’s reactions to giving feedback made me think about the type of things that are actually appropriate to judge about someone you’ve never spoke to. There was a few moments during the session when people mentioned things and there were long pauses or long silences, calling people messy/scruffy or mistaking someone for a boy in an old photo. This emphasised the need to be respectful of people you are observing. To try not to make assumptions without thinking about a combination of evidence. This thought ties back into some of the ideas behind the “snoop” book.

 

The first task I’ve been given for The 21st Century Designer Module was to take a selection of photographs from strangers and figure out what type of person they are, as well as giving images of our own to another group.

As a group we were asked to try and figure out a few things about each individual from photos of either their childhoods or their bedrooms. We were to learn their taste, influences, possessions, environment and what course they were in. Among the students I was looking at, there was a mix of childhood photographs and images of their bedrooms.There was a clear contrast in the information I was able to gather from these different types of photographs and I felt it was a lot easier judging a person on their current bedroom than childhood images.

I think the person we analysed best was Rosie, from the photos of her room we deducted that she was messy but responsible, had problems with her sight, was fashionable and used her work space for everything.

We felt Rosie must have been a responsible person as she had multiple live plants around her room. However it turned out she was also a florist.

I found this process of trying evaluate the type of person someone is from objects in their room very difficult. It’s hard to make jugements about someone you’ve never met. I seemed to be trying to be nice as I didn’t want to offend someone’s living style. For example Rosie was clearly a messy person.

However I think I felt bad being as critical as to just say she was a messy person, maybe she was in a rush that day and had no time to tidy, or maybe she was searching for something and raked everything out. I think I was constantly trying to justify every judgement I made, trying not offend anyone.

In contrast to this, we found it incredibly difficult to judge a person from childhood photographs. One boy, Craig, we were studying submitted these photographs.

We found it near impossible to decipher the person behind these, all we discovered was that it was male, aged between 18 and 21 we thought, judging by the photo quality and the clothes, and there was some significance to the outdoors in his life. Reading the book “Snoop” by Sam Gosling, helped me with this type of investigation as it taught me to look beyond objects and belongings, and to piece things together, a skill which I feel was vital to analysing these photographs as there were much less pieces of the persons current life.  This was a very different approach from the one we took to the bedroom photos. It was harder but also easier to be judgemental as the actual person felt quite distant in these. However I found it more difficult to consider their taste, influences or possessions in this instance, and even harder to try and decide on the course they were in.

Another boy, Brian submitted these images of his room.

From these we had decided that he was an organsed person from the neat shelves of DVD’s , and the minimal look of the room with plain white walls. We noticed the large mirror and vairious grooming products around his room and thought he maybe prides him self on his appearance. All of his clothes seemed somewhat smart, with a lot of black and grey. We thought this could possibly be in a parents room with the lack of “studenty” belongings. And finally we thought he did Interaction Design as there is a lot of technology around the room, a printer box, a camer, a MacBook Pro and a monitor or television.

Other than the points of being an Interaction Design student, and the fact He was a boy, the rest of our assumptions turned out to be pretty wrong. This made me realise that not everyone’s bedroom’s accurately conveyed their personality, especially when it comes to student flats. When talking to Brain afterwards he revealed that he left his bedroom pretty much the way it was when he moved in, as he knew he would only be staying there during semester time and moving out this year

The final girl We were analysing, Amy, had a mix of childhood photographs and ones of a bedroom.

We quickly assuemed it was a girl, from a family with brothers and sisters, as she is in the top photo with another small girl, but the mix of toys in the background suggests she has a couple of siblings, possibly of a similar age. This was another skill I feel I have been trying to develop since reading sections of “Snoop”, trying to look beyond the main focus, wether it be a photograph or a physical space. The toys look like they could be either gender and we later learned she had a brother or similar age. We assumed she was between 18 and 20 by the dungarees in the childhood photograph.

When it came to looking at her bedroom, we felt it was quite empty and fairly plain, coming to the conclusion that it was a bedroom at her family home, not one at university. The over night bag in the bottom photograph aided this assumption. The bodis in the background suggested that she was a textiles student, and the photographs or dogs on the wall made us think she had family pets, and these were important to her. The Vanity mirror in combination with the large range of beauty products and the bottle of vodka suggested to us that she liked to go out. I was constantly trying to not make assumptions based on just one thing, as this could be misleading of their real personalities. These points ended up being mostly accurate.

I think that the process of analysing someone became easier as we moved through the people, quickly taking down as many points as I could. Looking back at these when it came to feedback helped me clarify the each impression I had of the individuals.